« Developing ArchaeoAstronomy and Space Archeology in the XXIth century »

Author : Karine Gadré, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP, OMP)
Abstract : "This article lies in direct line with the one published in i-Medjat n°6 (Gadré, 2011). I here first detail the characteristics common to Archeology and Astronomy, then explain how the crossing of these two disciplines can give rise to two sub-disciplines of great scientific interest: Space Archeology and ArchaeoAstronomy. Next, I suggest a new way of developing these two research areas: implementing, on the Culture Diff' website (www.culturediff.org), two Web interfaces dedicated, the one to Space Archeology, the other one to (Egyptian) ArchaeoAstronomy."
This article will appear in i-Medjat n°7, 2011.

« Introduction aux méthodes de l'archéoastronomie. Seconde Partie : Application à la détermination de la source astronomique d'orientation d'édifices »

Author : Karine Gadré, Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP, OMP)
Abstract : "This article is in direct line with the first one, published within i-Medjat n°1 (Gadré, 2008). It aims at applying the logic of an archaeoastronomical study defined in the previous article to the solving of another egyptological problem : the determination of the source of orientation of monuments. The monuments in question are the Old Kingdom pyramids on the one hand, the temple of Isis at Dendara on the other hand."
This article appeared in the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie n°15, 2011.

« ArchaeoAstronomy and Space Archaeology : a link between »

Auteur : Karine Gadré, Institut de Recherche en Astronomie et Planétologie (IRAP, OMP)
Résumé : "This article is a brief introduction to ArchaeoAstronomy and Space Archaeology, two research fields both issued from the crossing of knowledge and techniques specific to Archaeology, History, Astronomy, and to the Space field. Within this introductory article, I choosed to more particularly focus on the similarities and the differences between ArchaeoAstronomy and Space Archaeology, and to explain why developing Space Archaeology, in close collaboration with worldwide Archaeologists, Egyptologists, Astronomers and Space Engineers, is a continuation of the research work in ArchaeoAstronomy I started about fifteen years ago. A further article, to be published within the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie n°15 (2011b), will detail the way contributing to the development of both ArchaeoAstronomy and Space Archaeology by using XXIth century's tools. "
This article appeared in i-Medjat n°6, 2011.

« Introduction aux méthodes de l'archéoastronomie.
Première Partie : Application à l'identification des décans égyptiens »

Author : Karine Gadré, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "This article, the first one in a series of two, is the proceedings of a public lecture made at the Bureau des Longitudes, Paris, on the 6th February 2008, and available on download on the website of Canal Académie. After a brief introduction to Archaeoastronomy, we detail the logic of an archaeoastronomical study then apply it to the solving of a well-known egyptological problem : the identification of the old Egyptian decanal stars."
This article appeared within i-Medjat n°1, 2008.

« Astronomical dating proposals of the ancient Egyptian stellar clocks »

Authors : Karine Gadré and Sylvie Roques, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "On the interior lid of nineteen sarcophagi unearthed in Middle and Upper Egypt necropolis on the one hand, on the ceiling of the cenotaph of Seti I at Abydos, Middle Egypt, on the other hand, were painted stellar clocks which worked on the basis of the successive appearances of stars in the East between the end of astronomical twilight and the very beginning of dawn throughout the ancient Egyptian civil year made up of 365 days (Gadré and Roques, 2008b). The present paper aims at dating the twenty stellar clocks by comparing their respective stellar arrangements. The dating proposals are next compared to those deduced from the applying of archaeological, topological and philological criteria."
This article appeared in Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Egyptologia n°26, 2009.

« L'année civile égyptienne et les horloges stellaires »

Authors : Karine Gadré and Sylvie Roques, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "On the interior lid of nineteen wooden sarcophagi dating from the First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom as well as on the ceiling of the Osireion at Abydos were painted stellar clocks working on the basis of the old Egyptian civil year made up of 365 days : every ten days, the rising of a given star marked the end of an earlier hour of the night, indeed. Since a quarter of day was not regularly added to the old Egyptian civil year, it wandered, and the content of the stellar clocks had to be regularly updated."
This article appeared in Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Egyptologia n°25, 2008.

« Catalogue d'étoiles peuplant le ciel méridional de l'Egypte ancienne »

Authors : Karine Gadré and Sylvie Roques, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "On the interior lid of sarcophagi dating from the First Intermediate Period and the Middle Kingdom, on the one hand, on the external surface of water clocks, on the ceiling of temples and tombs dating from the New Kingdom to the Roman era, on the other hand, were written down the hieroglyphic names of ninety stars filling the southern part of the old Egyptian sky. This article gathers the hieroglyphic names, the translitterated form and, when available, the meaning of the hieroglyphic name of every one of these stars we today term as decanal since they rose heliacally at about ten-days interval during the course of the ancient Egyptian civil year made up of 365 days."
This article appeared within the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie n°11, 2008.

« Préalable à l'identification des décans égyptiens. Constitution d'une base de données archéologiques »

Authors : Karine Gadré and Sylvie Roques, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "In ancient Egypt, the successive risings or transits of stars in the night or twilight sky were used to tell the hours of the night. These stars whose yearly period of invisibility was then close to seventy days are today termed as decanal since their heliacal rising occurred at ten days interval each. Their hieroglyphic names appear on the interior lid of wooden sarcophagi, on the external surface of water clocks, on the ceiling of temples and tombs dating from the First Intermediate Period to the Roman era. Every one of these vestiges make up an archaeological database whose completion is needed to identify the old Egyptian decanal stars."
Thiis article has been submitted for publication in Göttingen Miszellen, 2007.

« Détail du projet de constitution, à l'échelle internationale, d'un réseau de chercheurs en Astro-Egyptologie »

Author : Karine Gadré, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes
Abstract : "The publication of articles dealing with ancient Egyptian Astronomy within Egyptological journals like the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie, i-Medjat, Revista de la Sociedad Uruguaya de Egyptologia, my participation as an Astronomer in the 2004 and 2005 ARCE (American Research Center in Egypt) meetings, the mixed composition of my PH.D. examining board, can be seen as many steps towards the forthcoming forming of a team made up of both Astronomers and Egyptologists from the whole world, willing to build together a database made up of everyone of the old Egyptian remnants characterized by a specific astronomical orientation or content, willing to study together their astronomical orientation or content ; finally, willing to publish the results of their interdisciplinary research work on the World Wide Web and within already existing egyptological and astronomical journals."
This article appeared within the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie n°7/8, 2005.

« Détermination de l'acuité visuelle des astronomes égyptiens »

Author : Karine Gadré, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT)
Abstract : "The study of old Egyptian recordings of the heliacal rising of Sirius in the reigns of pharaohs Sesostris ?, Amenhotep I, Thutmosis III, Ptolemy III, Ptolemy IV and in Roman times, leads to determine the average value of the visual acuity of the Egyptian astronomers. Then follow new dating proposals of the beginning of the reign of several pharaohs as wall as the identification of the Egyptian decans, these stars which remained unseen 70 days each year from the sky of ancient Egypt."
This article is an update of the article entitled « Le lever héliaque de Sirius, source de datation historique » which appeared within the Cahiers Caribéens d'Egyptologie n°6, 2004.

« Le lever du Soleil sur la Terre d'Egypte : une recréation au quotidien »

Author : Karine Gadré, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT)
Abstract : "In ancient Egypt, every celestial event took on particular symbolism. Among these celestial events there was the rising of the Sun, its appearance above the eastern horizon as a reddish disk. According to the ancient Egyptians, the daily rebirth of the Sun, its coming forth from the primeval waters, the waters of the Nun from which comes life on earth and in the sky, was similar to its very first appearance in the sky of Egypt the day the world was created, on this day they called Sep Tepy."
This article appeared within African Skies / Cieux Africains n°6, 2001.

Le Soleil levant,
figuré sous les traits
d'un scarabée poussant
sa boule d'argile
(KMT, n°4, Volume 9)